Israel Gelfand ... was a prominent Soviet mathematician. He made significant contributions to many branches of mathematics, including group theory, representation theory and functional analysis ...
The Gelfand–Tsetlin (also spelled Zetlin) basis is a widely used tool in theoretical physics and the result of Gelfand's work on the representation theory of the unitary group and Lie groups in general.
Gelfand also published works on biology and medicine. For a long time he took an interest in cell biology and organized a research seminar on the subject.
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Answer by Nik Weaver for Mathematicians with both “very abstract” and “very applied” achievements
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